Chhattisgarh passes tough Conversion Law, life term for ‘Mass’ cases sparks debate

Raipur: The Chhattisgarh Assembly passed a new law on religious conversion on Thursday. The government pushed the move as a step to curb illegal practices. At the same time, the decision triggered sharp political reactions. The new law introduces strict rules, including life imprisonment in certain cases.

First, Home Minister Vijay Sharma presented the Bill in the House. He argued that the state needs stronger safeguards. However, opposition leaders raised objections. They demanded detailed scrutiny through a Select Committee. When the Speaker rejected that demand, Congress MLAs staged a walkout. As a result, the Assembly passed the Bill amid protest.

The law, titled Chhattisgarh Freedom of Religion Bill, 2026, sets a clear process for religious conversion. Anyone who wants to change religion must inform the district administration in advance. The applicant must submit a declaration to the District Magistrate or an authorised officer. Then, the authority must publish these details within seven days.

Moreover, officials will display the information at local offices. These include the tehsil office, gram panchayat, and nearby police station. The notice will carry the applicant’s name, current religion, and proposed faith. After that, the public can raise objections within 30 days. Authorities will review these objections and conduct an inquiry before issuing a final order.

In addition, the law expands administrative powers. Officials can verify claims, examine records, and investigate complaints. This process aims to ensure transparency. At the same time, critics argue that it raises concerns about privacy and personal choice.

The Bill also addresses marriage-related conversions. It states that marriage alone does not count as conversion. However, if a person changes religion only for marriage, authorities may treat it as illegal. Therefore, couples must submit a declaration 60 days before marriage if conversion is involved. Officials will examine whether the conversion meets legal conditions.

Further, priests and clerics must follow strict rules. They must inform authorities about any planned conversion. They must also maintain records. Additionally, individuals or groups involved in conversions must submit annual reports. These reports must include the number of conversions and financial details.

The law also targets funding sources. It restricts both domestic and foreign funds if authorities link them to illegal conversions. The state can withdraw financial aid or support from organisations that violate the rules.

Ground Angle: Mixed Reactions on the Ground

On the ground, reactions remain divided. Supporters say the law will protect vulnerable communities. They believe stricter checks will prevent coercion and fraud. Many local leaders back the move and call it necessary.

However, critics voice concern. Some citizens fear increased scrutiny. They worry about delays and legal hurdles in personal decisions. Social activists highlight privacy issues. They argue that public disclosure of personal faith choices may create pressure at the community level.

Legal experts also weigh in. Some say the law may lead to more litigation. Others believe authorities will face challenges in implementation. Therefore, the real impact will depend on how officials enforce the rules.

Background: Shift from Older Law to Stricter Framework

The new law replaces the older Chhattisgarh Freedom of Religion Act, 1968. The earlier law required only post-conversion intimation. It treated forced conversion as a less severe offence. Over time, the government found those provisions inadequate.

Now, the new law introduces tougher penalties. It defines “mass conversion” as two or more people converting in a single event. In such cases, courts can award a minimum of 10 years in prison. The punishment can extend to life imprisonment. Authorities can also impose heavy fines.

The law prescribes stricter punishment in sensitive cases. If the victim belongs to a vulnerable group, courts can award up to 20 years in jail. The law also provides compensation to victims.

At the national level, several states have enacted similar laws. Some require prior notice, while others allow public objections. The Chhattisgarh law follows this trend but adds stricter penalties and wider disclosure rules.

In conclusion, the new law marks a major policy shift. It strengthens state control over religious conversion. At the same time, it opens a wider debate on rights, regulation, and individual freedom.