Syria’s new leader shows political skill, but can he deliver?

After HTS rebels ousted Bashar al-Assad’s regime, Ahmed al-Sharaa emerged as Syria’s de facto leader. Two weeks ago, Damascus was under Assad’s control. Today, al-Sharaa walks the presidential palace halls, pledging change.

Al-Sharaa, formerly known as Abu Mohammed al-Jolani, claims to have abandoned his jihadist beliefs for a vision of tolerant Syrian nationalism. He insists future governance will respect Syria’s culture and history, though he remains vague about specifics like women’s rights and religious freedoms.

The new leader acknowledges Syria’s devastation from years of war. Half the population is displaced, and infrastructure lies in ruins. Al-Sharaa blames Assad’s regime for the suffering, citing barrel bombs, chemical attacks, and mass displacement.

Critics question whether al-Sharaa can deliver on his promises. Secular Syrians doubt his ability to respect minority rights, and HTS’s dominance raises fears of continued authoritarianism. Al-Sharaa’s control over the constitutional drafting process amplifies these concerns.

Externally, Syria remains vulnerable. Turkey controls the northwest, the U.S. holds the northeast, and Israel continues strikes, exploiting Syria’s weakened state. Sanctions further cripple the economy, hindering reconstruction efforts. Al-Sharaa argues sanctions treat Syria as the oppressor, not the victim.

Meanwhile, threats from rival factions like ISIS and tensions with Assad loyalists persist. Al-Sharaa must balance domestic demands for justice with international scrutiny. His refusal to prioritize foreign approval over Syrian needs reflects his focus but risks isolation.

Al-Sharaa calls on the world to aid Syria’s recovery, highlighting its strategic importance. However, geopolitical rivalries could block progress. Syria’s future hinges on whether al-Sharaa can unite its fractured society while navigating external pressures.